H. pylori infection was diagnosed by histopathological examination, urea breath test (UBT), fecal HP antigen test (SAT), or rapid urease test; the age was less than 18 years old; there was no restriction in race, sex, and course of disease; patients had no other serious gastrointestinal diseases; the subjects did not use related antibiotics to treat other diseases at the same time.
Free full text: Click here