After MAEC culture with morpholino oligomer, total RNA was purified with an RNeasy mini kit (Qiagen, Germantown, MD), followed by DNaseI treatment (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). cDNA was prepared with an RT Omniscript kit (Qiagen) using oligo-dT. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out with SYBR green PCR (Qiagen) using previously described primers and PCR reaction conditions.12 (link),13 (link) Real-time data were analyzed with the ΔΔCt method. sFLT protein quantification from the conditioned culture medium and mouse serum was performed by Mouse sVEGF R1/Flt-1 ELISA (R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, MN) following the manufacture's instruction.