Lipids were extracted from liver tissue using chloroform:methanol mixture (2:1 v/v) (40 (link)). enzymatic assay kits were used to measure hepatic and plasma concentrations of triglyceride (Wako Diagnostics). Plasma AST and ALT activities were measured by an enzymatic assay kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Plasma insulin and Fgf21 concentrations were determined using commercially available mouse ELISA kits from Crystal Chem and R&D Systems, respectively, according to the manufacturer's specification. Protein concentrations were determined using a bicinchoninic acid assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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