Qualitative analysis of the extracts was performed using liquid chromatography (system Surveyor MS PUMP PLUS, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Monza, Italy) coupled with mass spectrometry (LTQ ion-trap mass spectrometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Monza, Italy) equipped with an ESI (-) source.
The compounds were separated with a Synergi 4 μm Hydro-RP 80° A LC Column 150 × 4.6 mm (Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA) using a mobile phase consisting of water with 0.1% formic acid (A) and acetonitrile (B) set as follows: 0–1 min (5% B), 1–10 min (5–100% B), 10–15 min (100% B), and 15–25 min (100–5% B).
The extracts were injected at 0.1 mg/mL in a volume of 10 μL. The results were analyzed with Xcalibur™ (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Monza, Italy). Putative identification of individual compounds was conducted by comparing m/z and MS/MS with the literature data [33 (link),34 (link),35 (link)].
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