Quantification of T cells, B cells and plasmablasts was performed on 100 µl heparinized whole blood exactly as described before4 (link)
,19 using monoclonal antibodies towards CD3 (clone SK7), CD19 (clone HIB19), CD27 (clone L128), CD38 (clone HB7), and IgD (clone IA6-2). Cells were analyzed using flow cytometry (FACS-Canto-II or FACSLyric) and FACS-Diva-V6.1.3 or FlowJo software (BD Biosciences). Among total lymphocytes, T and B cells were identified by expression of CD3 and CD19, respectively. Plasmablasts were gated as CD38 positive cells among IgD-CD27+ CD19 positive switched-memory B cells as described before.4 (link) Differential blood counts were used to calculate absolute lymphocyte numbers.