Metabolic Efficiency and Thermogenesis Measurement

Metabolic efficiency was calculated as the ratio between body weight gain and the total energy intake over 5 days or 2 or 6 weeks. For in vivo indirect calorimetry analysis, mice were transferred to a Phenomaster System (TSE Systems GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany) 1 week before the study started for acclimatization, followed by 3 weeks of continued measurements, as previously described (36 (link)). Core body temperature was obtained with a rectal probe (Physitemp Instruments, Clifton, NJ). To estimate the level of iBAT thermogenesis, shaved back temperature was measured by infrared thermography with a thermoelectrically cooled ThermaCAM P25 (FLIR Systems, Wilsonville, OR) (37 (link)). In vivo images were captured and analyzed using the FLIR QuickReport software according to the manufacturer’s specifications.

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Ruocco C., Ragni M., Rossi F., Carullo P., Ghini V., Piscitelli F., Cutignano A., Manzo E., Ioris R.M., Bontems F., Tedesco L., Greco C.M., Pino A., Severi I., Liu D., Ceddia R.P., Ponzoni L., Tenori L., Rizzetto L., Scholz M., Tuohy K., Bifari F., Di Marzo V., Luchinat C., Carruba M.O., Cinti S., Decimo I., Condorelli G., Coppari R., Collins S., Valerio A, & Nisoli E. (2020). Manipulation of Dietary Amino Acids Prevents and Reverses Obesity in Mice Through Multiple Mechanisms That Modulate Energy Homeostasis. Diabetes, 69(11), 2324-2339.

Publication 2020

Phenomaster System rectal probe

Acclimatization Indirect calorimetry Mice Rectal Thermogenesis Thermography

Corresponding Organization : University of Milan

Other organizations : Humanitas University, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance, University of Geneva, University of Verona, Marche Polytechnic University, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, University of Florence, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Université Laval, Impact, University of Brescia

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Variable analysis

independent variables

Duration of the experiment (5 days, 2 weeks, or 6 weeks)

dependent variables

Body weight gain
Total energy intake
Metabolic efficiency (ratio of body weight gain to total energy intake)
Core body temperature
Interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) thermogenesis (estimated by back temperature measurement)

control variables

Mice were transferred to a Phenomaster System (TSE Systems GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany) 1 week before the study started for acclimatization
Continued measurements for 3 weeks

controls

No positive or negative controls were explicitly mentioned in the provided information.

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