hCMEC/D3 cells (obtained from Millipore) were grown in EndoGRO-MV complete media (Millipore, SCME004) supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum and fibroblast growth factor 2 (1 ng/ml; Millipore). Cells were grown in tissue culture treated 24-well plates and 5% CO2 at 37°C. Assays to determine the total number of bacteria adhered to host cells or intracellular bacteria were performed using GBS empty vector and complement strain as described previously (24 (link), 31 (link), 32 (link)). See Supplementary Text for more details.
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