Western blots were conducted as previously described [68 (link)]. Immunostaining was performed using goat monoclonal antibodies against phospho-Akt (S473) (cell signaling #9271) and actin (1/1000, cell signaling) and a secondary polyclonal mouse anti-goat antibody HRP conjugate (1/2000, cell signaling). Blots were developed using HRP and chemiluminescent peroxidase substrate (#CPS1120, Sigma). Data were collected using a Geliance CCD camera (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA) and analyzed using ImageJ software (NIH) [21 (link)].
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