We selected all published studies comparing PBA vs PSI for PVS with reported outcomes of re-stenosis and procedure-related complications in all patient categories. In adults, PVS following atrial fibrillation ablation and in children PVS related to congenital etiology or post-procedural PVS following total or partial anomalous pulmonary venous return repair are included. All types of stents are included. No restrictions on study selection based on outcomes were used. Studies which assessed stent-based strategies without PBA group, abstracts which are published without full text publications and studies lacking endpoint measures were excluded.