CCK-8 assay was carried out as previously described [17 (link)]. Briefly, 100 μL cells (2 × 103/ml) were seeded in triplicated wells of a 96-well microplate. After 5-day culture, 10 μL CCK-8 solution (Beyotime, Haimen, China) was added to each well and incubated at 37 °C for 2 h. Absorbance values were expressed as percentages relative to the controls.
For colony formation ability assay, cells were plated in 60 mm2 culture dishes at 2 × 103 cells/well for 7–14 days. Colonies were stained with Giemsa (Beyotime, Haimen, China), and surviving colonies (a colony was defined as >50 cells) were counted.
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