Wound healing assays were performed to detect the migration ability of HNSCC cells. Transwell assays including uncoated inserts and Matrigel‐coated inserts were used separately to determine migration and invasion abilities. The proliferation ability was determined using Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) assays (Dojindo, Japan). Finally, colony‐forming abilities were compared by the number of clusters formed by 1000 cells incubated for 10–14 days. These experiments were performed as described in our previous study and were all repeated three times (Xu et al., 2020 (link)).