Workplace Violence Measurement Scale

The WVS was used to measure the frequency of workplace violence experienced by the study participants in the past 12 months. The scale consists of five dimensions: physical assault, emotional abuse, threat, verbal sexual assault, and sexual assault. Each item ranged from 0 to 3, reflecting the frequency of participants’ exposure to WPV (0 = zero times, 1 = 1 time, 2 = 2 or 3 times, and 3 = more than 3 times). The total score is the sum of the items and ranges from 0 to 15, with higher scores implying more frequent exposure to WPV (Peek-Asa et al., 1998 (link)). WVS has been shown to have good reliability and validity among Chinese medical professionals, with a Cronbach coefficient of 0.92 in one study (Wang et al., 2006 (link)). In this study, the Cronbach coefficient was 0.80.