Genetic Association Analysis of Coronary Artery Disease

The “Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)” for Windows software, version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) and the R version 3.5.1 (R Studio Version 1.2.1335) were applied for data analysis. Genotype analysis and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) calculation in patients and controls were estimated using SNPStats software (https://www.snpstats.net/) (last accessed 14 April 2021). Adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for each genetic association model (allelic model, homozygote/heterozygote comparison, dominant, and recessive models) [29 (link)]. Categorical variables were quoted as frequencies and percentages and were compared using the chi-square (χ²) or Fisher’s exact tests where appropriate. Continuous data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and were compared using Student’s t-test if the data distribution was parametric. Otherwise, Mann–Whitney U (MW) and Kruskal–Wallis tests were applied. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was run for correlations analysis. A two-tailed p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Stepwise logistic regression was performed to detect independent predictors of CAD. The ggplot2 package was used for multivariate analysis.