Example 3
Samples of carboxy elastomer and varying amounts of silicone polyamide were prepared as follows: 6 grams of carboxy elastomer (30% solids in IDD) and silicone polyamide (33.3% polyamide in IDD at 0.25 g, 0.50 g, 0.75 g, 1.0 g and 1.25 g) were placed in max 20 blender cups. The materials were mixed using a dental mixer for 120 seconds at 2750 rpm. The samples were observed after 24 hours and data is shown in Table 1 below:
Example 4
Samples from Example 3 were tested on a 60 mm Parallel Plate Rheometer. The gap was set at 1000 microns and the ramp rate was continuous.
Preparation of Elastomer+Additive
Compositions comprising the elastomer(s) and additive(s) of this disclosure are made by combining and mixing the components using conventional lab equipment. Various samples of compositions having an additive amount ranging from 1 to 10, 2.5 to 5, 2.5, or 5, wt. % based on 100 parts by weight elastomer are formed. The resultant compositions, hereinafter referred to as a “COOH-elastomer+additive,” are then introduced to various cosmetic formulations, with formulations and procedures for forming the particular cosmetic compositions provided below.
Use of COOH-Elastomer+Additive
Anhydrous Gel with High Level of Glycerin and Vitamin C
Formulation 1: Anhydrous Gel with High Level of Glycerin and Vitamin C
The particularity of this gel was that it allows the incorporation of a high level of vitamin c using glycerin as a carrier, therefore to ensure the stability of the active without the drawback of the glycerin feel.
The silicone polyether (PEG/PPG-19/19 Dimethicone) can be either omitted or replaced by similar type of material such as grafted-block or block copolymers comprising at least one block of polyorganosiloxane type and at least one block of a polyether. The polyorganopolysiloxane block may especially be a polydimethylsiloxane or a poly (C2-C8) alkylmethylsiloxane; the polyether block may be a poly(oxy(C2-C8)alkylene, in particular polyoxyethylene and/or polyoxypropylene. These can also be linear rake or graft type materials, or ABA type where the B is the siloxane polymer block, and the A is the poly(oxyalkylene) group. The poly(oxyalkylene) group can consist of polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, or mixed polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide groups. Other oxides, such as butylene oxide or phenylene oxide are also possible. Another type of silicone polyether composition that may be included in the present composition is an ABn polyalkylene oxide silicone copolymers as described in EP 492657.
Antiperspirant Gels/Soft Solids
Formulation 2.1: Antiperspirant Gel
Other antiperspirant/deodorant actives could be used, such as Aluminium Zirconium Tetrachlorohydrex GLY, Aluminium Zirconium Tetrachiorohydrex PEG, Aluminium Chlorohydrex, Aluminium Zirconium Tetrachiorohydrex PG, Aluminium Chlorohydrex PEG, Aluminium Zirconium Trichlorohydrate, Aluminium Chlorohydrex PG, Aluminium Zirconium Trichlorohydrex GLY, Hexachlorophene, Benzalkonium Chloride, Aluminium Sesquichlorohydrate, Sodium Bicarbonate, Aluminium Sesquichlorohydrex PEG, Chlorophyllin-Copper Complex, Triclosan, Aluminium Zirconium Octachlorohydrate, and Zinc Ricinoleate.
The silicone polyether (PEG-12 Dimethicone cross polymer) can be either omitted or replaced by similar type of material such as grafted-block or block copolymers comprising at least one block of polyorganosiloxane type and at least one block of a polyether. The polyorganopolysiloxane block may especially be a polydimethylsiloxane or a poly (C2-C8) Alkylmethylsiloxane; the polyether block may be a poly(oxy(C2-C8)alkylene, in particular polyoxyethylene and/or polyoxypropylene. These can also be linear rake or graft type materials, or ABA type where the B is the siloxane polymer block, and the A is the poly(oxyalkylene) group. The poly(oxyalkylene) group can consist of polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, or mixed polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide groups. Other oxides, such as butylene oxide or phenylene oxide are also possible. Another type of silicone polyether composition that may be included in the present composition is an ABn polyalkylene oxide silicone copolymers as described in EP 492657.
Shower Gels
Formulation 3: Shower Gel
Alternative anionic surfactants can be used such as C6-C30 fatty acid salts, especially those derived from amines, for instance triethanolamine stearate; polyoxyethylenated fatty acid salts, especially those derived from amines or alkali metal salts, and mixtures thereof; phosphoric esters and salts thereof, such as DEA oleth-10 phosphate or monocetyl monopotassium phosphate sulfosuccinates such as Disodium PEG-5 citrate lauryl sulfosuccinate and Disodium ricinoleamido MEA sulfosuccinate; alkyl ether sulfates, such as sodium lauryl ether sulfate; isethionates; acylglutamates such as Disodium hydrogenated tallow glutamate, Alkyl polyglucosides and mixtures thereof.
It is also possible to use one or more amphoteric surfactants, for instance N-acylamino acids such as N-alkylaminoacetates and disodium cocoamphodiacetate, and amine oxides such as stearamine oxide, or alternatively silicone surfactants, for instance dimethicone copolyol phosphates.
The Hydroxyethylcellulose can be substituted by other water thickeners such as water-soluble cellulose-based thickeners,—guar gum, xanthan gum, carob gum, scleroglucan gum, gellan gum, rhamsan gum, karaya gum or carrageenan gum, alginates, maltodextrins, starch and its derivatives.
Rinse Off Conditioner
Formulation 4: Rinse Off Conditioner
The Hydroxyethylcellulose can be substituted by other water thickeners such as water-soluble cellulose-based thickeners, guar gum, xanthan gum, carob gum, scleroglucan gum, gellan gum, rhamsan gum, karaya gum or carrageenan gum, alginates, maltodextrins, starch and its derivatives.
Cetyl alcohol can also be replaced by other fatty alcohol such as stearyl alcohol.
Cationic polymer can also be added in order to improve the conditioning performance.
Shampoo
Formulation 5: Shampoo
In a similar fashion than in the shower gel, alternative surfactants and thickening agents can be used.
Water-in-Silicone Cream
Formulation 6: Water in Silicone Cream
The silicone polyether (PEG/PPG 19/19 Dimethicone) can be either omitted or replaced by similar type of material as described in the antiperspirant Formulation 2.
The silicone gum blend (Phenyltrimethicone and Dimethiconol) can be replaced by other types of gum blends where the carrier is a silicone oil, an organic oil or a blend of both. The silicone gum blend can also be replaced by silicone elastomer gels, elastomeric solid organopolysiloxane enclosed in a fatty phase, where the at least one elastomeric solid organopolysiloxane is at least partially crosslinked, examples described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,654,362, EP 848029, EP 869142, WO2007/109240, WO2007/109260, WO2007/109282, WO2009/006091, WO2010/080755, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,987,169, and 5,760,116.
The volatile silicone oil (cyclopentasiloxane and Caprylyl methicone) can be replaced by any “volatile oil” corresponding to the following definition: oil (or non-aqueous medium) capable of evaporating on contact with the skin in less than one hour, at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The volatile oil is a volatile cosmetic oil, which is liquid at room temperature, especially having a non-zero vapor pressure, at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, in particular having a vapor pressure ranging from 0.13 Pa to 40000 Pa (10-3 to 300 mmHg), optionally ranging from 1.3 Pa to 13000 Pa (0.01 to 100 mmHg), optionally ranging from 1.3 Pa to 1300 Pa (0.01 to 10 mm Hg).
The vegetable oil (soybean oil) can be replaced by a nonvolatile oil which can be hydrocarbon based, silicone based or vegetable based including esters and triglycerides.
The film forming polymer (Polypropylsilsesquioxane) can be replaced by any other film former corresponding to the film-forming polymer definition above. This film former can be delivered from either an oil media, aqueous media or in an emulsion form.
Oil-in-Water Cream
Formulation 7.1: Oil-in-Water Cream
The thickening/emulsifying polymer dispersion (Sodium polyacrylate) can be replaced by crosslinked acrylamide polymers and copolymers, such as Sepigel 305 and by the carbomer families.
The oils (Caprylic/Capric triglycerides, Olive oil and Jojoba oil) can be replaced by a nonvolatile oil which can be hydrocarbon based, silicone based or vegetable based including esters and triglycerides
The pigment (CI 77891 (and) Hydrogenated Lecithin) can be replaced by any other pigment included in the following definitions:
The term “pigments” should be understood as meaning white or colored, mineral or organic particles of any form, which are insoluble in the physiological medium, and which are intended to color the composition.
The term “nacres” should be understood as meaning iridescent particles of any form, produced especially by certain mollusks in their shell, or else synthesized.
The pigments may be white or colored, and mineral and/or organic.
In addition, these pigments could be treated/coated by a wide range of chemicals.
Oil-in-Water Foundations
Formulation 8.1: Oil-in-Water Foundation
The nonionic emulsifiers blend (Steareth-2, Steareth-21 and Glyceryl Stearate (and) PEG-100 Stearate) can be replaced by any other oxyethylenated and/or oxypropylenated ethers (which may comprise from 1 to 150 oxyethylene and/or oxypropylene groups) of glycerol; oxyethylenated and/or oxypropylenated ethers (which may comprise from 1 to 150 oxyethylene and/or oxypropylene groups) of fatty alcohols (especially of a C8-C24 and optionally C12-C18 alcohol), such as oxyethylenated cetearyl alcohol ether containing 30 oxyethylene groups (CTFA name Ceteareth-30) and the oxyethylenated ether of the mixture of C12-C15 fatty alcohols comprising 7 oxyethylene groups (CTFA name C12-C15 Pareth-7); fatty acid esters (especially of a C8-C24 and optionally C16-C22 acid) of polyethylene glycol (which may comprise from 1 to 150 ethylene glycol units), such as PEG-50 stearate and PEG-40 monostearate; fatty acid esters (especially of a C8-C24 and optionally C16-C22 acid) of oxyethylenated and/or oxypropylenated glyceryl ethers (which may comprise from 1 to 150 oxyethylene and/or oxypropylene groups), for instance PEG-200 glyceryl monostearate; glyceryl stearate polyethoxylated with 30 ethylene oxide groups, glyceryl oleate polyethoxylated with 30 ethylene oxide groups, glyceryl cocoate polyethoxylated with 30 ethylene oxide groups, glyceryl isostearate polyethoxylated with 30 ethylene oxide groups, and glyceryl laurate polyethoxylated with 30 ethylene oxide groups; fatty acid esters (especially of a C8-C24 and optionally C16-C22 acid) of oxyethylenated and/or oxypropylenated sorbitol ethers (which may comprise from 1 to 150 oxyethylene and/or oxypropylene groups), dimethicone copolyol; dimethicone copolyol benzoate; copolymers of propylene oxide and of ethylene oxide, also known as EO/PO polycondensates; and mixtures thereof; saccharide esters and ethers, such as sucrose stearate, sucrose cocoate and sorbitan stearate, and mixtures thereof, fatty acid esters (especially of a C8-C24 and optionally C16-C22 acid) of polyols, especially of glycerol or of sorbitol, such as glyceryl stearate, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl laurate, polyglyceryl-2 stearate, sorbitan tristearate or glyceryl ricinoleate.
The stearic acid can be replaced by other waxes corresponding to the following definition: lipophilic compound that is solid at room temperature (25° C.), which undergoes a reversible solid/liquid change of state, and which has a melting point of greater than or equal to 30° C., which may be up to 120° C. By bringing the wax to the liquid state (melting), it is possible to make it miscible with the oils that may be present and to form a microscopically homogeneous mixture, but on reducing the temperature of the mixture to room temperature, recrystallization of the wax in the oils of the mixture takes place.
The oils (Caprylic/Capric triglycerides and Mineral oil) can be replaced by a nonvolatile oil which can be hydrocarbon based, silicone based or vegetable based including esters and triglycerides
The film forming polymer (Acrylates/Polytrimethylsiloxymethacrylate Copolymer) can be replaced by any other film former corresponding to the film-forming polymer definition above. This film former can be delivered from either an oil media, aqueous media or in an emulsion form.
The pigment (CI 77891 (and) Hydrogenated Lecithin) can be replaced by any other pigment as described in formulation 7.
Loose Powder
Formulation 9: Loose Powder
The fillers (Talc, BPD 500, Mica and submica) can be replaced by the following other filler families: mineral or organic, of any form, platelet-shaped, spherical or oblong, irrespective of the crystallographic form (for example lamellar, cubic, hexagonal, orthorhombic, etc.) such as silica, kaolin, polyamide, poly-β-alanine powder and polyethylene powder, tetrafluoroethylene polymer (Teflon®) powders, lauroyllysine, starch, boron nitride, hollow polymer microspheres, or of acrylic acid copolymers and silicone resin microbeads, elastomeric polyorganosiloxane particles, elastomeric organopolysiloxane powder coated with silicone resin, especially with silsesquioxane resin, hybrid silicone powders functionalized with fluoroalkyl groups, phenyl groups, precipitated calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydrogen carbonate, hydroxyapatite, hollow silica microspheres, glass or ceramic microcapsules, and metal soaps for example zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, lithium stearate, zinc laurate or magnesium myristate, polymethyl methacrylate powders, polyurethane powder as well as fibers defined as the following: “fibre” or “fiber” should be understood as meaning an object of length L and diameter D such that L is very much greater than D, D being the diameter of the circle in which the cross section of the fibre is inscribed.
The pigments (Iron Oxides, TiO2 and Covapealantique) can be replaced by any other pigment as described in formulation 7.
Silicone oil (dimethicone) can be replaced by a nonvolatile oil which can be hydrocarbon based, silicone based or vegetable based including esters and triglycerides.
Lip Gloss
Formulation 10: Lip Gloss
Silicone and natural oils (Dimethicone, Phenyltrimethicone, Bis-hydroxyethoxypropyl Dimethicone, olive oil) can be replaced by a nonvolatile oil which can be hydrocarbon based, silicone based or vegetable based including esters and triglycerides.
Silicone gum blend (Cyclopentasiloxane and Dimethiconol) can be replaced by other gum blends or elastomer blends as described in Formulation 6.
Silicone resin (Trimethylsiloxysilicate) can be replaced by other film formers as described in Formulation 8.
Silica (silica silylate) can be replaced by other fillers as described in Formulation 9.
The pigments (Iron Oxides, TiO2) can be replaced by any other pigment as described in Formulation 7.
Sunscreen (Ethylhexyl Salicylate) can be replaced by any other liquid organic sunscreens.
Cosmetic Paste
Formulation 11.1: Blemish Spot Treatment Paste
Silicone oils (Caprylyl Methicone, Bis-hydroxyethoxypropyl Dimethicone) can be replaced by a volatile and nonvolatile oils which can be hydrocarbon based, silicone based or vegetable based including esters and triglycerides.
Silicone wax (C30-C45 Alkyldimethylsilyl Polypropylsilsesquioxane) can be replaced by other waxes as described in Formulation 8.
Alkyl methyl Silicone (Stearyl Dimethicone) can be replaced by any other alkylmethylsiloxanes, siloxane polymers generally having the formula Me3SiO[Me2SiO]y[MeRSiO]zSiMe3, in which R is a hydrocarbon group containing 6-30 carbon atoms, Me represents methyl, and the degree of polymerization (DP), i.e., the sum of y and z is 3-50. These alkylmethysiloxanes can be volatile, nonvolatile and solid at room temperature.
The pigments (Iron Oxides, TiO2) can be replaced by any other pigment either pure or pre-dispersed in a carrier as described in Formulation 7.
Lipstick
Formulation 12: Lipstick
Waxes (Ozokerite, Carnauba wax, Beeswax, Candelilla wax, Microcrystalline and C30-45 methicone) can be replaced by other waxes as described in Formulation 8.
Oleyl alcohol can also be replaced by other fatty alcohol such as stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol.
Film forming polymer (Hydrogenated dimer Dilinoleyl/Dimethylcarbonate Copolymer) can be replaced by any other film former corresponding to the film-forming polymer definition above.
The pigments (Iron Oxides) can be replaced by any other pigment as described in Formulation 7.
W/O Foundation
Formulation 13: W/O Foundation
The silicone polyether (Bis-Isobutyl PEG/PPG-10/7/Dimethicone Copolymer) can be either omitted or replaced by similar type of material as described in the antiperspirant formulation number 2.
Silicone wax (C30-C45 Alkyldimethylsilyl Polypropylsilsesquioxane) can be replaced by other waxes as described in Formulation 8.
Film forming polymer (Trimethylsiloxysilicate and polypropylsilsesquioxane) can be replaced by any other film former corresponding to the film-forming polymer definition above.
The volatile silicone oil (Caprylyl methicone) can be replaced by any “volatile oil” as described in Formulation 6.
The pigments (Iron Oxides) can be replaced by any other pigment as described in Formulation 7.
Clear Gel
Formulation 14: Clear Gel
This clear gel is obtained by matching the refractive index of the water phase to the one of the silicone organic blend elastomer gel carrier with the help of glycerin. Other glycols such as propylene glycol, butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol or even ethanol or isopropyl alcohol can be used. Also, any other water soluble components impacting the Refractive index of the aqueous phase can also be used such as aluminium salt, sugar, etc.
Anhydrous Sunscreen
Formulation 15: Anhydrous Sun Care Gel
The oil (Caprylic/Capric triglycerides) can be replaced by a nonvolatile oil which can be hydrocarbon based, silicone based or vegetable based including esters and triglycerides.
Silica (silica silylate) can be replaced by other fillers as described in Formulation 9.
Sunscreens (Ethylhexyl salycilate and Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate) can be replaced by any other liquid organic sunscreens.
The different formulations described in this patent illustrate the great versatility and ease of formulating of the new silicone organic elastomer blend, overcoming potential limitations of the previous elastomers gels by providing ideal balance between compatibility with the major components used in cosmetic and the unique texture and feel.
The following additional embodiments are provided, the numbering of which is not to be construed as designating levels of importance.
Embodiment 1 relates to a composition comprising: (a) an elastomer having a moiety according to the general formula: A-B-A or B-A-B; wherein each A independently comprises a polysiloxane moiety having at least two siloxy (Si—O) groups; wherein each B independently comprises a moiety, or a precursor thereof, having at least one carboxyl group; and wherein B is bonded to a silicon atom in A; and (b) an additive for stabilizing the elastomer.
Embodiment 2 relates to a composition comprising: (a) an elastomer having at least two siloxy (Si—O) groups and at least one carboxyl group, the elastomer comprising the reaction product of a reaction of: a first component having at least one reactive group; a second component having at least one reactive group; and a third component having at least two reactive groups reactive with the reactive groups of the first and second components for linking the first component to the second component; and (b) an additive for stabilizing the elastomer.
Embodiment 3 relates to the composition as set forth in Embodiment 1 or 2, further defined as a cosmetic composition, wherein the cosmetic composition further comprises: (c) at least one cosmetic component; (d) optionally in a cosmetically acceptable medium.
Embodiment 4 relates to the composition as set forth in Embodiment 1 or 3, wherein each B independently comprises a moiety, or a precursor thereof, having at least two carboxyl groups.
Embodiment 5 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of the preceding Embodiments, wherein the additive is solid at room temperature (about 25° C.), optionally has a melting point greater than 25° C.
Embodiment 6 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of the preceding Embodiments, wherein the additive comprises a silicon-based wax, an organic-based wax, or combinations thereof.
Embodiment 7 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the additive comprises a siloxane-based polyamide.
Embodiment 8 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of the preceding Embodiments, wherein the additive is present in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 100 parts by weight, optionally of from about 1 to about 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the elastomer.
Embodiment 9 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 2 to 8, wherein the at least one reactive group of the first and second components is independently selected from a hydroxyl group or an amine group and wherein the at least two reactive groups of the third component are anhydride groups.
Embodiment 10 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 2 to 9, wherein the first and second components are selected from siloxanes having at least one hydroxyl group or organic alcohols having at least one hydroxyl group and the third component is a siloxane having at least two terminal anhydride groups.
Embodiment 11 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 2 to 9, wherein the first and second components are selected from siloxanes having at least one amine group or organic amines having at least one amine group and the third component is a siloxane having at least two pendant anhydride groups.
Embodiment 12 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 2 to 8, wherein the at least one reactive group of the first and second components are anhydride groups and wherein the at least two reactive groups of the third component are hydroxyl groups or amine groups.
Embodiment 13 relates to the composition as set forth in Embodiment 12, wherein the first and second components are siloxanes and the anhydride groups are pendant.
Embodiment 14 relates to the composition as set forth in Embodiment 12 or 13, wherein the third component is selected from: i) an organic polyol having at least two hydroxyl groups; ii) a third siloxane having at least two hydroxyl groups; iii) an organic polyamine having at least two amine groups; or iv) a third siloxane having at least two amine groups.
Embodiment 15 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the elastomer is according to the general formula:
Embodiment 16 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the elastomer is according to the general formula:
Embodiment 17 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the elastomer is according to the general formula:
Embodiment 18 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the elastomer is according to the general formula:
Embodiment 19 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the elastomer is according to the general formula:
Embodiment 20 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the elastomer is according to the general formula:
Embodiment 21 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 3 to 20, wherein the elastomer is reacted with the at least one cosmetic component.
Embodiment 22 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 3 to 21, wherein the at least one cosmetic component is selected from emollients, waxes, moisturizers, surface active materials, thickeners, water phase stabilizing agents, pH controlling agents, preservatives and cosmetic biocides, sebum absorbants, sebum control agents, vegetable extracts, botanical extracts, vitamins, proteins and their derivatives, amino-acids and their derivatives, pigments, colorants, fillers, silicone conditioning agents, cationic conditioning agents, UV absorbers, sunscreen agents, antidandruff agents, antiperspirant agents, deodorant agents, skin protectants, hair dyes, nail care components, fragrances, perfumes, antioxidants, oxidizing agents, reducing agents, propellant gases, fatty alcohols, color care additives, pearlising agents, chelating agents, film formers, styling agents, ceramides, suspending agents, anti-aging actives, and combinations thereof.
Embodiment 23 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of the preceding Embodiments, which is in the form of a cream, a gel, a powder (free flowing powder or pressed), a paste, a solid, a freely pourable liquid, or an aerosol.
Embodiment 24 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 3 to 23, which is a lipstick, a foundation, a primer, a body cream, a face cream, a hair coloring product, a mascara, a color cosmetic, a nail varnish, an anti-wrinkle composition, an anti-aging composition, an eyeliner, an eyeshadow or a blush.
Embodiment 25 relates to the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 3 to 24, which is in the form of a shampoo, a cream, a rinse-off conditioner, a leave-in conditioner, a styling lotion, a styling spray or a gel.
Embodiment 26 relates to use of the composition according to any one of the preceding Embodiments for the care of keratinous substrates.
Embodiment 27 relates to a method of forming the composition as set forth in any one of Embodiments 3 to 25, the method comprising: combining the elastomer and the additive to form a mixture; and combining the mixture and the at least one cosmetic component to form a cosmetic composition; optionally in the presence of the cosmetically acceptable medium.
Embodiment 28 relates to the method as set forth in Embodiment 27, wherein the combining steps are separate.
Embodiment 29 relates to the preceding Embodiments, wherein the elastomer comprises the reaction product of: a first siloxane having at least one pendant anhydride group; a second siloxane having at least one pendant anhydride group; and a reactant comprising a polyol having at least two carbon-bonded hydroxyl groups reactive with the pendant anhydride groups of the first and second siloxanes.
Embodiment 30 relates to Embodiment 29, wherein the polyol is selected from the group of: i) an organic polyol having at least two carbon-bonded hydroxyl groups reactive with the pendant anhydride groups of the first and second siloxanes; ii) a third siloxane having at least two carbon-bonded hydroxyl groups reactive with the pendant anhydride groups of the first and second siloxanes; or iii) combinations thereof.
Embodiment 31 relates to Embodiment 30, wherein the polyol is the organic polyol and wherein: i) the organic polyol has two terminal carbon-bonded hydroxyl groups; and/or ii) the organic polyol is free of silicon.
Embodiment 32 relates to Embodiment 30, wherein the polyol is the third siloxane and the third siloxane has two terminal carbon-bonded hydroxyl groups.
Embodiment 33 relates to the preceding Embodiments, wherein the elastomer comprises the reaction product of: a first reactant having at least two hydroxyl groups; a second reactant having at least two hydroxyl groups; and a siloxane having at least two terminal anhydride groups reactive with the hydroxyl groups of the first and second reactants; wherein the first reactant is selected from the group of; i) a first siloxane different from the siloxane and having at least two hydroxyl groups, ii) a first organic alcohol having at least two hydroxyl groups, or iii) a combination thereof; and wherein the second reactant is selected from the group of; i) a second siloxane different from the siloxane and having at least two hydroxyl groups, ii) a second organic alcohol having at least two hydroxyl groups, or iii) a combination thereof.
Embodiment 34 relates to Embodiment 33, wherein: i) the first reactant comprises the first siloxane having at least two hydroxyl groups, alternatively at least two pendant hydroxyl groups; and/or ii) the second reactant comprises the second siloxane having at least two hydroxyl groups, alternatively at least two pendant hydroxyl groups.
Embodiment 35 relates to Embodiment 34, wherein: i) the first siloxane has at least three hydroxyl groups, alternatively at least three pendant hydroxyl groups; and/or ii) the second siloxane has at least three hydroxyl groups, alternatively at least three pendant hydroxyl groups.
Embodiment 36 relates to Embodiment 33, wherein: i) the first reactant comprises the first organic alcohol having at least two hydroxyl groups, alternatively at least three hydroxyl groups; and/or ii) the second reactant comprises the second organic alcohol having at least two hydroxyl groups, alternatively at least three hydroxyl groups.
Embodiment 37 relates to Embodiment 36, wherein: i) the first organic alcohol has at least one pendant hydroxyl group; and/or ii) the second organic alcohol has at least one pendant hydroxyl group.
Embodiment 38 relates to the preceding Embodiments, wherein the elastomer has at least two siloxy (Si—O) groups and at least two carboxyl groups, the elastomer comprising the reaction product of a reaction of: a first siloxane having at least one pendant anhydride group; a second siloxane having at least one pendant anhydride group; and a reactant selected from the group of; i) an organic polyol having at least two hydroxyl groups reactive with the pendant anhydride groups of the first and second siloxanes, and ii) a third siloxane having at least two hydroxyl groups reactive with the pendant anhydride groups of the first and second siloxanes.
Embodiment 39 relates to the preceding Embodiments, wherein the elastomer has at least two siloxy (Si—O) groups and at least two carboxyl groups, the elastomer comprising the reaction product of a reaction of: a first component having at least two hydroxyl groups; a second component having at least two hydroxyl groups; and a siloxane having at least two terminal anhydride groups reactive with the hydroxyl groups of the first and second components for linking the first component to the second component; wherein the first component is selected from the group of; i) a first siloxane different from the siloxane, and ii) a first organic alcohol; and wherein the second component is selected from the group of; i) a second siloxane different from the siloxane, and ii) a second organic alcohol.
The terms “comprising” or “comprise” are used herein in their broadest sense to mean and encompass the notions of “including,” “include,” “consist(ing) essentially of,” and “consist(ing) of. The use of “for example,” “e.g.,” “such as,” and “including” to list illustrative examples does not limit to only the listed examples. Thus, “for example” or “such as” means “for example, but not limited to” or “such as, but not limited to” and encompasses other similar or equivalent examples. The term “about” as used herein serves to reasonably encompass or describe minor variations in numerical values measured by instrumental analysis or as a result of sample handling. Such minor variations may be in the order of ±0-25, ±0-10, ±0-5, or ±0-2.5, % of the numerical values. Further, The term “about” applies to both numerical values when associated with a range of values. Moreover, the term “about” may apply to numerical values even when not explicitly stated.
Generally, as used herein a hyphen “-” or dash “—” in a range of values is “to” or “through”; a “>” is “above” or “greater-than”; a “≥” is “at least” or “greater-than or equal to”; a “<” is “below” or “less-than”; and a “≤” is “at most” or “less-than or equal to.” On an individual basis, each of the aforementioned applications for patent, patents, and/or patent application publications, is expressly incorporated herein by reference in its entirety in one or more non-limiting embodiments.
It is to be understood that the appended claims are not limited to express and particular compounds, compositions, or methods described in the detailed description, which may vary between particular embodiments which fall within the scope of the appended claims. With respect to any Markush groups relied upon herein for describing particular features or aspects of various embodiments, it is to be appreciated that different, special, and/or unexpected results may be obtained from each member of the respective Markush group independent from all other Markush members. Each member of a Markush group may be relied upon individually and or in combination and provides adequate support for specific embodiments within the scope of the appended claims.
It is also to be understood that any ranges and subranges relied upon in describing various embodiments of the present invention independently and collectively fall within the scope of the appended claims, and are understood to describe and contemplate all ranges including whole and/or fractional values therein, even if such values are not expressly written herein. One of skill in the art readily recognizes that the enumerated ranges and subranges sufficiently describe and enable various embodiments of the present invention, and such ranges and subranges may be further delineated into relevant halves, thirds, quarters, fifths, and so on. As just one example, a range “of from 0.1 to 0.9” may be further delineated into a lower third, i.e., from 0.1 to 0.3, a middle third, i.e., from 0.4 to 0.6, and an upper third, i.e., from 0.7 to 0.9, which individually and collectively are within the scope of the appended claims, and may be relied upon individually and/or collectively and provide adequate support for specific embodiments within the scope of the appended claims. In addition, with respect to the language which defines or modifies a range, such as “at least,” “greater than,” “less than,” “no more than,” and the like, it is to be understood that such language includes subranges and/or an upper or lower limit. As another example, a range of “at least 10” inherently includes a subrange of from at least 10 to 35, a subrange of from at least 10 to 25, a subrange of from 25 to 35, and so on, and each subrange may be relied upon individually and/or collectively and provides adequate support for specific embodiments within the scope of the appended claims. Finally, an individual number within a disclosed range may be relied upon and provides adequate support for specific embodiments within the scope of the appended claims. For example, a range “of from 1 to 9” includes various individual integers, such as 3, as well as individual numbers including a decimal point (or fraction), such as 4.1, which may be relied upon and provide adequate support for specific embodiments within the scope of the appended claims.
The present invention has been described herein in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that the terminology which has been used is intended to be in the nature of words of description rather than of limitation. Many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. The present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described within the scope of the appended claims. The subject matter of all combinations of independent and dependent claims, both single and multiple dependent, is herein expressly contemplated.
