Enzymatic activities of the Rubisco and PEPC enzymes were measured as described previously (Cousins et al., 2007 (link); Pengelly et al., 2010 (link)) with some modifications. The activity of both enzymes was calculated by monitoring the decrease of NADH absorbance at 340 nm with a spectrophotometer (Unico UV-2802PC, USA).
Immunoblotting was performed according to Cousins et al. (2007) (link) with some modifications. After SDS–PAGE, the gels were subjected to immunoblotting using antisera including anti-Rubisco large subunit-RBCL (Agrisera, Sweden, product no. AS03 037), anti-Rubisco small subunit RBCS (Agrisera product no. AS07 259), or anti-PEPC (Agrisera product no. AS09 458) of Arabidopsis thaliana. The total soluble protein content was determined according to Bradford (1976) (link).
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