Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies of 24 HPV16+ vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (vHSIL) patients, treated with an experimental vaccine containing 13 SLPs covering the entire amino acid sequence of HPV16 oncoproteins E6 and E7, were cut in 4 um thick sections. These samples were stained with two multiplex immunofluorescence panels,20 (link) one for T cells and one for myeloid cells. The slides were then scanned with the Vectra multispectral imaging system (PerkinElmer), and cells were, after manual training, automatically phenotyped and counted with inForm advanced image analysis software (PerkinElmer).