The internal standards (d5-17:0/17:1/17:0) TG, 15:0 lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), (19:0/19:0) phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), 13:0 lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), d18:1/6:0 sphingomyelin (SM), (17:0/17:0) phosphatidylserine (PS), and (17:0/17:0) phosphatidylglycerol (PG) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc. (Alabaster, AL, USA, 99%). A fifty-two fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) solution was obtained from NU-CHEK-PREP Co., Ltd. (Elysian, MN, USA, ≥99%). Porcine pancreatin (4 × USP, CAS: 8049-47-6) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Cholesterol standard (CAS: 57-88-5, ≥99.5%) was obtained from Beijing Dingguo Changsheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Sodium cholate (CAS: 361-09-1, 98%) was obtained from J&K Scientific Ltd. (Beijing, China). Silica gel G TLC plate was purchased from Bangkai (Jining, China). All analytical solvents (methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), CHCl3, CH3OH, n-hexane, etc.) used herein were high performance liquid chromatography or analytical reagent grade.
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