Western blot, cell fractionation and Co-IP analysis were carried out as described in our previous publications.23 (link),26 (link),29 (link) The following primary antibodies were used: anti-ITGA9, anti-CD31 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA); anti-β-catenin, anti-non-phospho-β-catenin, phospho-β-catenin (Ser33/37/Thr41, Thr41/Ser45, Ser675), phospho-GSK3α (Ser21), phospho-GSK3β (Ser9), total GSK3α, total GSK3β, phosphor-CREB (Ser133), total CREB, integrin-linked kinase (ILK), PKA-Cα, and PARP-1 (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA); anti-PKA RIIα regulatory unit (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX); anti-β-actin (Sigma, St. Louis, MO).