Modulating Retinoid Signaling in Mice

C57BL/6J WT and Lck-Cre and LysM-Cre mice were obtained from Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, ME). The dnRAR fl/fl mice (18 (link)) were a gift from Randolph J. Noelle (Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH). The dnRAR blocks retinoid signaling through all 3 RAR isoforms (19 (link)). dnRAR fl/fl cre^−/− (WT littermates) and dnRAR fl/fl cre +/– (T-dnRAR or LysM-dnRAR) were used for experiments. All mice were bred at the Pennsylvania State University (University Park, PA) according to university and IACUC guidelines. A+ and A– mice were generated by breeding C57BL/6J WT animals on lab prepared purified diets as described previously with and without retinyl acetate (25 μg/d) (4 (link)). A– mice were dosed with 37.5 μg of RA in small amounts of corn oil (10 μl) orally once at d7 post-infection (RA 1x), twice at d7 and d9 post-infection (RA 2x), or three times at d7, d9, and d11 post-infection (RA 3x). For some experiments A– mice were treated with RA three times weekly for 4 wk (metabolomics) or 8 wk (immune cell reconstitution). Serum retinol was quantified to verify the vitamin A status of experimental animals Supplementary Figure 1.