Colonic tissues were lysed in Cell Lytic Mammalian Tissue Lysis Extraction Reagent (Sigma) and analyzed using the 25-analyte MILLIPLEX MAP Mouse Cytokine/Chemokine Magnetic Bead Panel (EMD Millipore) on a FLEXMAP 3D instrument (Luminex) [9 (link), 10 (link)]. Data were standardized to tissue protein concentrations measured by the BCA Protein Assay Kit (Pierce).
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