Global Burden of Disease Estimates

We produced estimates from 1950 to 2019 for 204 countries and territories that were grouped into 21 regions and seven super-regions. For GBD 2019, nine countries and territories (Cook Islands, Monaco, San Marino, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Tokelau, and Tuvalu) were added, such that the GBD location hierarchy now includes all WHO member states. GBD 2019 includes subnational analyses for Italy, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, and Poland, and 16 countries previously estimated at subnational levels (Brazil, China, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Kenya, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Russia, South Africa, Sweden, the UK, and the USA). All subnational analyses are at the first level of administrative organisation within each country except for New Zealand (by Māori ethnicity), Sweden (by Stockholm and non-Stockholm), the UK (by local government authorities), Kenya (by district and province), and the Philippines (by province). For the demographic analyses, we seek to make the most of rich demographic data, more readily available and robust at aggregate level, and increase the precision of estimates at the aggregate level by running the modelling process at both the most detailed level and at the aggregate level (whether national, subnational, or both national and subnational). In this publication, we present subnational estimates for Brazil, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Mexico, Sweden, the UK, and the USA; given space constraints, these results are presented in appendix 2.
Following previous GBD studies, mortality and population are estimated for 23 age groups: early neonatal (0–6 days), late neonatal (7–27 days), post-neonatal (28–365 days), 1–4 years, 5–9 years, every 5-year age group up to 95 years, and 95 years and older. Age-specific fertility is estimated for 5-year age groups between ages 10 years and 54 years.