The toxicity of the rippled samples with AuNWs was tested in primary human lung fibroblast (MRC-5, American Tissue Culture Collection, Manassas, VA, USA). Human primary fibroblasts were incubated in Minimal Essential Medium Eagle (MEM, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) supplemented with 2 mM L-glutamine (a stable dipeptide, sourced from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) under standard conditions (37 °C, 5% CO2).
Samples (PEN 22.5° and Au/PEN 22.5°) with human health cells were prepared as described by the authors of [26 (link)]. In this case, cell viability was measured using a resazurin assay [43 ]. The medium was removed, then the samples were washed with PBS and incubated with a resazurin solution (final concentration 25 μg/mL) in a medium without phenol red (MEM, Gibco, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and incubated for 4 h. Thereafter, fluorescence was measured using the Fluoroskan Ascent (Thermo Labsystems, Waltham, MA, USA) and excitation and emission wavelengths of 560 and 590 nm, respectively. Cells that were grown on standard tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) were used as control. All samples were prepared in triplicate. Cell viability was represented as a percentage of metabolic activity of control cells. Mean values and standard deviations were calculated.
Samples (PEN 22.5° and Au/PEN 22.5°) with human health cells were prepared as described by the authors of [26 (link)]. In this case, cell viability was measured using a resazurin assay [43 ]. The medium was removed, then the samples were washed with PBS and incubated with a resazurin solution (final concentration 25 μg/mL) in a medium without phenol red (MEM, Gibco, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and incubated for 4 h. Thereafter, fluorescence was measured using the Fluoroskan Ascent (Thermo Labsystems, Waltham, MA, USA) and excitation and emission wavelengths of 560 and 590 nm, respectively. Cells that were grown on standard tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) were used as control. All samples were prepared in triplicate. Cell viability was represented as a percentage of metabolic activity of control cells. Mean values and standard deviations were calculated.
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