Immortalized human small airway epithelial cells (hSAECs) were previously described.9 (link) hSAECs were grown in small airway epithelial cell growth medium (Lonza, Walkersville, MD) in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2. Poly(I:C) was obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO) and used at 10 μg/mL in cell culture. Compound 1 was purchased from Tocris, and compound 3 was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Michigan). Compounds were solubilized in DMSO and added at the indicated concentrations.