The study population was women aged ≥20 years who had a singleton birth at the Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China, between January 2016 and December 2020.
The inclusion criteria were ≥28 weeks gestational week of delivery, age ≥20 years, and singleton live birth. The exclusion criteria were induction of labor, intrauterine fetal death, viral myocarditis, congenital heart disease, liver, kidney, lung, and other important organ pathologies, serious primary diseases, combined with serious infectious diseases, mental disorders, or cognitive dysfunction. Fifteen thousand eight hundred and sixty-one mothers met the criteria.
The inclusion criteria were ≥28 weeks gestational week of delivery, age ≥20 years, and singleton live birth. The exclusion criteria were induction of labor, intrauterine fetal death, viral myocarditis, congenital heart disease, liver, kidney, lung, and other important organ pathologies, serious primary diseases, combined with serious infectious diseases, mental disorders, or cognitive dysfunction. Fifteen thousand eight hundred and sixty-one mothers met the criteria.
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