All MSCs were characterized by imaging flow cytometry (FlowSight, Amnis, Seattle, WA, USA) to confirm expression of CD73 (Abcam, #ab106677), CD90 (Abcam, #ab124527), and CD105 (Abcam, #ab53321), and to rule out expression of CD45 (Abcam, #ab51482) and CD34 (BD Biosciences, Cat. #340441). Gating was performed in a manner previously described26 (link) and data analyzed using Amnis® Image Data Exploration Analysis Software (IDEAS version 6.2).
A MSC functional identification kit (R&D Systems, #SC006) was used to verify trilineage differentiation capacity of hESC-MSCs and MSC(AT)s in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Images (20x or 40x, at least 6 per marker) were quantified as the ratio of positive cells/total cells per field.