Hairpin peptides are synthesized on either an Applied Biosystem 433A or Advanced ChemTech 496 synthesizer employing standard Fmoc (9-fluorenyl methoxycarbonyl) solid-phase peptide synthesis methods and purified using RP-HPLC, using C18 and/or C8 stationary phases and a water (0.1% TFA)/acetonitrile(0.085% TFA) gradient as previously described.(18 (link),20 (link)) The resins used for the synthesis were Wang resins preloaded with the C-terminal amino acid. Peptides were cleaved from the resin using a 95:2.5:2.5 trifluoroacetic acid (TFA): triisopropylsilane: water mixture. Full-length WW domains were ordered from GenScript as the crude products for subsequent in-house HPLC purification. The sequences of all peptides were confirmed by the molecular ions observed using a Bruker Esquire ion-trap mass spectrometer.