Full length HIV-1 genomic RNA was gently purified from NL4-3 virions (Genbank AF324493). The RNA was equilibrated in a native buffer [50 mM Hepes (pH 8.0), 200 mM potassium acetate (pH 8.0), 3 mM MgCl2] at 37 °C for 15 min and treated with 1M710 (link). Sites of 2′-hydroxyl modification were identified over read lengths spanning several hundred nucleotides using 31 primer extension reactions resolved by fluorescence-detected capillary electrophoresis6 (link),11 (link). Pairing probabilities were determined using RNA-Decoder13 (link) and secondary structure models were developed by incorporating SHAPE reactivities as a pseudo-free energy change term, in conjunction with nearest-neighbor parameters, in an accurate thermodynamics-based prediction algorithm22 (link),23 (link).