Cell migration assays were performed using 6.5-mm Costar Transwell® chambers (8-μm pore size; Corning, USA). After treatment with FFLZ (120 μg/ml) for 24 h followed by stimulation with exogenous TGFβ1 (5 ng/ml) for 24 h, the cells (4 × 104 cells/200 μl) were seeded into Transwell® chambers. The detailed procedure was as previously described35 (link).
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