Except for the control and CLP groups, silymarin (SIGMA S0292-10G) was given to the other groups in 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg doses with a gavage needle and orally. Silymarin serum was applied after being suspended in physiological water. An hour later, CLP was applied to the third, fourth, and fifth groups (Groups 3, 4, and 5). Oral-applied silymarin reaches the highest level in plasma within approximately 2–4 hr and it has a half-life of 6 hr [72 (link)]. The application of anesthetic material for the operation was given an hour before the silymarin operation because it slowed down the absorption of the drug. Only the CLP model was applied to the second group.
CLP is a method used to create septicemia in polymicrobial properties. The animals in the operation groups were anesthetized with xylazine (5 mg/kg) and ketamine hydrochloride (40 mg/kg). The rats were secured on the back, and the infiltration line of the abdomen was wiped twice with povidone-iodine solution, providing the antisepsis. The midline of the abdomen was opened with a 3 cm incision and the cecum was explored. The ligation was applied under the ileocecal valve with silk floss (3/0). The connected section was drilled twice with the standard injector tip measuring 18 gauge and tightened to allow some of the fecal matter to come out. Then, the cecum was placed in the abdomen and the abdomen was closed with the stapler in normal anatomical form.
In the CLP rat model, the perforation was constituted with 13, 16, 18, and 22 caliber injector tips and a 0.5 cm scalpel, and the mortality of the experimental subjects was assessed in the literature [45 (link)]. Therefore, we used an 18-gauge injector to obtain blood and liver tissue in this study before the rats died.
The operated animals were taken into postoperative care for 16 hr. At the end of 16 hr, 15 mg/kg xylazine and 100 mg/kg ketamine were administered intraperitoneally to all subjects. Thus, the reflexes of the anesthetized rats were controlled and an incision was made at the level of the abdominal diaphragm. The animals whose blood samples were taken from their hearts under deep anesthesia were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Then, the liver tissues of all animals were taken to a solution containing 10% formaldehyde for histopathological and immunohistochemical studies. The blood samples taken were used for biochemical analysis.
CLP is a method used to create septicemia in polymicrobial properties. The animals in the operation groups were anesthetized with xylazine (5 mg/kg) and ketamine hydrochloride (40 mg/kg). The rats were secured on the back, and the infiltration line of the abdomen was wiped twice with povidone-iodine solution, providing the antisepsis. The midline of the abdomen was opened with a 3 cm incision and the cecum was explored. The ligation was applied under the ileocecal valve with silk floss (3/0). The connected section was drilled twice with the standard injector tip measuring 18 gauge and tightened to allow some of the fecal matter to come out. Then, the cecum was placed in the abdomen and the abdomen was closed with the stapler in normal anatomical form.
In the CLP rat model, the perforation was constituted with 13, 16, 18, and 22 caliber injector tips and a 0.5 cm scalpel, and the mortality of the experimental subjects was assessed in the literature [45 (link)]. Therefore, we used an 18-gauge injector to obtain blood and liver tissue in this study before the rats died.
The operated animals were taken into postoperative care for 16 hr. At the end of 16 hr, 15 mg/kg xylazine and 100 mg/kg ketamine were administered intraperitoneally to all subjects. Thus, the reflexes of the anesthetized rats were controlled and an incision was made at the level of the abdominal diaphragm. The animals whose blood samples were taken from their hearts under deep anesthesia were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Then, the liver tissues of all animals were taken to a solution containing 10% formaldehyde for histopathological and immunohistochemical studies. The blood samples taken were used for biochemical analysis.
