Isolation and Characterization of A. butzleri Strains

A total of 40 A. butzleri strains (see Table S1 in the Supplemental Material) were included in this study. All strains were collected and identified at the species level using molecular methods (multiplex polymerase chain reaction [PCR] and rpoB sequencing) during a previous Arcobacter prevalence study in Kaunas, Lithuania [20 (link)]. All 40 strains were also previously tested for susceptibility to six antimicrobial agents (ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, azithromycin, and erythromycin) using the gradient strip diffusion method [20 (link)]. Half of A. butzleri strains were isolated from different food products obtained from local retail markets: raw cow milk (n = 11), chicken meat (n = 7) and ready-to-eat (RTE) salad mixes (n = 2). The remaining strains originated from human stool (n = 10) and environmental water samples (n = 10, including lake and river-water samples). All 40 strains were stored at −80 °C in a brain–heart infusion broth (BHI) (Oxoid, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK) containing 30% (v/v) glycerol (Stanlab, Lublin, Poland). Before genomic DNA (gDNA) extraction, A. butzleri strains were cultured on Mueller–Hinton agar (Oxoid, Thermo Fisher Scientific) plates supplemented with 5% (v/v) defibrinated sheep blood (MHB) (Oxoid, Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 30 °C for 48 h under microaerobic conditions.

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Uljanovas D., Gölz G., Fleischmann S., Kudirkiene E., Kasetiene N., Grineviciene A., Tamuleviciene E., Aksomaitiene J., Alter T, & Malakauskas M. (2023). Genomic Characterization of Arcobacter butzleri Strains Isolated from Various Sources in Lithuania. Microorganisms, 11(6), 1425.

Publication 2023

glycerol

Agar Ampicillin Antimicrobial agents Arcobacter Azithromycin Blood Brain Chicken Ciprofloxacin Cow milk Diffusion Erythromycin Food products Genomic Gentamicin Glycerol Heart Human Meat Multiplex polymerase chain reaction River Salad Sheep Stool Strains Susceptibility Tetracycline

Corresponding Organization : Lithuanian University of Health Sciences

Other organizations : Freie Universität Berlin, Statens Serum Institut

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independent variables

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dependent variables

Antimicrobial susceptibility of the 40 A. butzleri strains to six antimicrobial agents (ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, azithromycin, and erythromycin)

control variables

All 40 A. butzleri strains were collected and identified at the species level using molecular methods (multiplex polymerase chain reaction [PCR] and rpoB sequencing) during a previous Arcobacter prevalence study
All 40 strains were previously tested for susceptibility to six antimicrobial agents using the gradient strip diffusion method
All 40 strains were stored at −80 °C in a brain–heart infusion broth (BHI) containing 30% (v/v) glycerol
Before genomic DNA (gDNA) extraction, A. butzleri strains were cultured on Mueller–Hinton agar (Oxoid, Thermo Fisher Scientific) plates supplemented with 5% (v/v) defibrinated sheep blood (MHB) at 30 °C for 48 h under microaerobic conditions

positive controls

None explicitly mentioned

negative controls

None explicitly mentioned

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