Nasal swabs were also processed for immunocytochemistry. Slides were incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies: anti‐β3 tubulin (1:400; catalog number [cn] T2200; Sigma), anti‐β3 tubulin (1:400; cn 322600; Invitrogen), anti‐β4 tubulin (1:500; cn T7941; Sigma), anti‐CK18 (1:300; cn ab32118; Abcam), anti‐p62 (1:150; cn 610833; BD), anti‐PGP9.5 (1:600; cn GTX634797; Genetex), anti‐TARDBP (1:200; cn sc‐376311; Santa Cruz), anti‐TDP‐43 C‐term (1:200; cn T1580; Merck), anti‐TDP‐43 pS409/410 (1:800; cn TIP‐PTD‐P01; Cosmobio)
22 (link) antibodies. The next day, slides were washed and incubated for 1 hour at room temperature with Alexa Fluor‐conjugated secondary antibodies (1:1000, Life Technologies). After washing, slides were incubated with DAPI (1:2000) for 5 minutes and mounted with DABCO (Sigma‐Aldrich). Images were acquired using an Axiolab fluorescence microscope (Zeiss).