Bone Artefact Examination and Documentation

Each bone artefact was examined with a Leica Wild M3C stereomicroscope equipped with a Nikon CoolPix 900 digital camera at magnifications ranging from 4–40× and photographed with a Canon PowerShot G7 X Mark II. We have recorded natural and anthropogenic modifications based on criteria established in the literature^{2 (link),7 ,57 ,95 (link)–110 (link)}. When possible, we recorded the mammal size class and anatomical origin of the blank, blank extraction and shaping techniques, and traces of use and resharpening. The location and extent of worked areas and the chronology of the technical actions were recorded for each bone artefact. Identification of shaping techniques on archaeological specimens is based on experimental and archaeological data^{4 (link),7 ,14 (link),57 ,111 (link)–116 (link)}. Morphometric data were collected with digital calipers and included, when possible, the maximum length, width and thickness, the cortical thickness, and the width and thickness of the beveled area at 5, 10, 15 and 20 mm from the distal end (Supplementary Table S4).