To further observe the morphological structure and growth of tumor in each group, HE staining, Caspase-3 and FANCG immunohistochemical staining were used to detect tumor in each group [17 (link), 18 (link)]. The mice were sacrificed at the end of the experiment and the tumor tissues were fixed in 10% formalin, paraffinized, and cut into 5 μm thick sections.

HE staining.

The slides were dewaxed and stained with hematoxylin–eosin for histological assessments.

Immunohistochemistry.

After microwave pre-treatment in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0; for antigen retrieval), the slides were immersed in 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 min to block endogenous peroxidase activity. After intensive washing with PBS, the slides were incubated with Caspase-3, FANCG antibodies and then incubated with HRP-conjugated antibodies. The slides were visualized with a DAB Horseradish Peroxidase Color Development Kit (Beyotime, China), and counterstained with hematoxylin. The images were analyzed by Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software.
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