IHC staining was conducted directly on the TMA with standard procedures. The primary antibodies used in the current studies were as follows: anti-FMNL3 (1:2000 dilution, Cat. ab222797, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), anti-PD-L1 (1:100 dilution, Cat.ab237726, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), and anti-CD8 (Ready-to-use, Cat. PA067, Abcarta, Suzhou, China). Antibody staining was visualized using diaminobenzidine (DAB) and hematoxylin counterstain, and the stained TMA was scanned using Aperio Digital Pathology Slide Scanners. For the semiquantitative assessment of FMNL3 and PD-L1 staining, the immunoreactivity score (IRS) was used according to the previous description.27 (link),28 (link) For semiquantitative evaluation of CD8 staining, the proportion of CD8+ cells was assessed by estimating the percentage of cells with strong intensity of membrane staining in the stroma cells.29 (link)