Propagation of 293T cells, transfection, preparation of cell extracts, and determination of protein concentration were performed as described previously44 (link),92 (link). The relative expression levels of A3B were determined by Western blot analysis of cell extracts (10 μg of total protein for each sample), using the Western Breeze chemiluminescent Western blot kit (Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY). The primary antibodies were anti-HA (Cell Signaling Technologies, Danvers, MA) for detection of all A3B proteins and anti-tubulin (Abcam, Cambridge, MA) for the loading control. The secondary antibodies, AlexaFluor 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG and AlexaFluor 680 goat anti-mouse IgG, were obtained from Life Technologies.