Testicular lysates and immunoprecipitated proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred onto a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane as previously reported (31 (link),32 (link)). The membrane was blocked and incubated overnight at 4 °C with the indicated primary antibodies (Table S1). The membrane was washed and incubated at room temperature for 2 h with secondary antibodies. The signals of the detected proteins were visualized on the SuperSignal West Femto Chemiluminescent Substrate detection system (Thermo Scientific).