All participants who were allocated to one of the three groups ingested the corresponding test supplements (three tablets) daily for 9 weeks beginning on the first day of the experiment. The three tablets were ingested with water at the same time. Participants in the three groups were fed a placebo (placebo group), FL (200 mg/day, FL group), or αCD (200 mg/day, αCD group) as the supplement. Participants received a prescribed dinner on the days before clinic visits (300 g of white rice, a cup of miso soup, a Hamburg steak, and gomoku-ni). On clinic visit days, they received a prescribed breakfast (“cream and brown rice bran,” a nutritional supplement). These meals were delivered to the participants a few days before their consumption.