Plant extraction was performed by placing 25 g of each plant (dried and ground) in a Soxhlet extractor and 500 mL of absolute methanol (CTR Scientific, Monterrey, N.L., México) as extraction solvent. Extraction was maintained for 48 h, after which extracts were filtered and concentrated by vacuum evaporation with a rotary evaporator (Buchi R-3000; Brinkman Instruments, Inc., Westbury, NY, USA). Solvent was removed with a SpeedVac SPD121P concentrator (Thermo Fisher Scientific, San Jose, CA, USA) at 35 °C [14 (link),15 (link)]. The extraction yield for each of the extracts was calculated by the following Formula (1):
Next, 100 mg of each extract was dissolved in one milliliter of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), sterilized by filtration, using 0.22 µm pore size-membrane filters (Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY, USA), and stored at −20 °C until use. The final concentration of DMSO used in cell cultures was less than 1% (v/v), which did not affect cell viability [15 (link)].
Next, 100 mg of each extract was dissolved in one milliliter of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), sterilized by filtration, using 0.22 µm pore size-membrane filters (Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY, USA), and stored at −20 °C until use. The final concentration of DMSO used in cell cultures was less than 1% (v/v), which did not affect cell viability [15 (link)].
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