Immunoblotting and IHC analysis were conducted with standard procedures, as previously described 15 (link), 16 (link). Blotting membranes were stripped and reprobed with anti-β-Actin antibody as a loading control. The degree of immunostaining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections was reviewed and scored independently by two pathologists based on both the proportion of positively stained tumor cells and the intensity of the staining. The following antibodies were used for immunoblotting or IHC analysis: ARHGAP5 (#2562, WB, 1:1000), Vimentin (#5741; WB, 1:1000; IHC, 1:200), N-cadherin (#13116; WB, 1:1000; IHC, 1:100), E-cadherin (#14472; WB, 1:1000; IHC, 1:100), RhoA (#2171; WB, 1:1000), CREB1 (#9197; WB, 1:1000; IHC, 1:6000), β-Actin (#3700; WB, 1:3000) (all from Cell Signaling, Beverly, USA) and ARHGAP5 (#ab199160; IHC, 1:100) (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA).
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