For chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), 5 month-old male C57BL/6J mice were euthanized by CO2 asphyxiation at ZT 8. Livers were removed and pooled for ChIP, processing and sequencing. Tamoxifen-induction of Cre Recombinase activity was accomplished by daily intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg tamoxifen (Sigma) in 100μl corn oil (Sigma) for 7 days. 3 month-old tamoxifen-treated animals were subjected to wheel running assays for 7 days after the end of treatment. For gene expression analysis, 5–6 month-old males were euthanized by cervical dislocation at indicated ZT points for rapid dissection and snap-freezing of the tissues. During the dark cycle, procedures were performed under red light. Detailed materials and methods are provided in the Supplementary Information.