Chest CT scans were performed using a single inspiratory phase in two commercial multi-detector CT scanners (Philips Ingenuity Core 128, Philips Medical Systems, Best, the Netherlands; SOMATOM Definition AS, Siemens Healthineers, Germany). To minimize motion artifacts, patients were instructed on breath-holding; CT images were then acquired during a single breath-hold. For CT acquisition, the tube voltage was 120kVp with automatic tube current modulation. From the raw data, CT images were reconstructed with a matrix size of 512 ×512 as axial images (thickness of 1.5mm and increment of 1.5mm) in transverse slice orientation with either hybrid iterative reconstruction (iDose level 5, Philips Medical Systems, Netherlands) or a pulmonary B70F kernel and a mediastinal B30f kernel (Siemens Healthineers, Germany). The mean CTDIvol was 8.4 ±2.0 mGy (range: 5.2-12.6 mGy).