Canagliflozin, dapagliflozin and empagliflozin were from Selleckchem;
phlorizin, phloretin, metformin, phenformin, AICAR and 2-dinitrophenol from
Sigma. A769662 was synthesized as described (23 (link)). Antibodies against phospho-Thr172 on AMPK-α (pT172,
#2531) were from Cell Signaling Technology. In Fig. 8, antibodies against
phospho-ACC (pACC, #3661) and total ACC (#3676) were from Cell Signaling
Technology. In other Figures, total ACC was detected using streptavidin directly
conjugated to 800 nm flourophore (Rockland immunochemicals), and pACC (14 (link)) and total AMPK-α (24 (link)) antibodies were as previously
described. Anti-GLUT1 (#325510) was from Abcam and anti-SGLT2 (sc-47402) from
Santa Cruz.