The open reading frame (ORF) encoding full-length DJ-1 was amplified from HEK293 cells cDNA, while the ORFs encoding the N-terminal domain of LRRK2 (amino acids 1–266, [25 (link)]) and full-length α-synuclein were amplified from pre-existing plasmids (Addgene: pDEST53-LRRK2-WT #25044 and EGFP-alpha synuclein-WT #40822, respectively). All ORFs were inserted into pFLAG-CMV-5a (Sigma-Aldrich) and pcDNA3.1(+)-PARP1cd [23 (link)] vectors. ORFs encoding α-synuclein mutants (E46K and A53T) were generated by PCR-based site-directed mutagenesis. All cloned DNA sequences were verified by DNA sequence analysis.
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