Melt Electrowritten PCL Scaffolds

All scaffolds were manufactured by melt electrowriting (MEW) using medical-grade PCL as previously described.^{30,32 (link)} Briefly, polymer pellets (PC12, Corbion, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) were heated to 74 °C and 83 °C at the cartridge and needle locations within a blunt 23 G 2 mL syringe, respectively. The polymer was then extruded onto a programmable x–y stage at a pressure of 1.2 bar, a voltage of 8.2 kV, a translational speed of 850 mm min⁻¹ and a distance of 7.4 mm between the collector plate and the spinneret. The scaffolds were subsequently printed to consist of 50 layers in a 0/90° layering pattern. After fabrication, scaffolds were sectioned into 5 mm discs to fit inside wells of a 96-well tissue culture plate (TCP).