MCF10A-5E and MCF10DCIS.com 3D cultures were embedded at day 10 of morphogenesis, and 5-μm sections were cut and mounted on Superfrost Plus slides (Fisher). For clinical samples, paraffin tissue sections were dewaxed and antigens retrieved on a PT Link (Dako) with low-pH EnVision FLEX Target Retrieval Solution (Dako) for 20 min at 97°C. Immunofluorescence on cryosections and antigen-retrieved slides was performed as previously described (20 (link)) with the following primary antibodies: NRF2 (Santa Cruz #sc-13032, 1:100), phospho-Rb (Cell Signaling #8516, 1:1600), HIF-1α (Cell Signaling #79233, 1:800), p53 (Santa Cruz #sc-126, 1:200). Slides were incubated the next day for 1 hour in the following secondary antibodies: Alexa Fluor 555-conjugated goat anti-rabbit (1:200; Invitrogen), Alexa Fluor 647-conjugated goat anti-mouse (1:200; Invitrogen).