Resting-state fMRI Preprocessing Protocol

The resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) data preprocessing was performed using the resting-state fMRI toolbox (DPARSF) (Yan et al., 2016 (link)) based on the Statistical Parametric Mapping 12 (SPM12) on the MATLAB platform (MathWorks, Natick, MA, United States). One patient with PCA was excluded because of incomplete images. The first 10 rsfMRI scans were discarded for the signal equilibrium and subject’s adaptation to the scanning noise. The remaining 190 images were corrected for timing differences in slice acquisition. Then, head motion correction was performed. Subjects with more than 3 mm maximum displacement in any of the x, y, or z directions or 3° of any angular motion were discarded. Two participants (SD) did not meet these criteria and were excluded from the initial sample. Then, the rsfMRI data based on rigid-body transformation were subsequently normalized to a Montreal Neurological Institute space using the echo-planar images template (Calhoun et al., 2017 (link)) and then resampled into 3 mm × 3 mm × 3 mm cubic voxel. Functional images were spatially smoothed with a 6 mm × 6 mm × 6 mm Gaussian kernel of full width at half maximum to decrease spatial noise. Linear trends estimation was finally performed.