Muscles in the upper arms and/or thighs were evaluated by MRI using a 1.5T unit (MAGNETOM Symphony or Avanto; Siemens Healthineer, Erlangen, Germany) or 3.0T unit (MAGNETOM Skyra or Vida; Siemens Healthineer, Erlangen, Germany) following a standardised protocol.12 (link) The left and right thighs were imaged simultaneously, whereas the left and right upper arms were imaged separately. Short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) imaging and fat-saturated (FS) Gd-T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) were performed in the axial and coronal planes. The contrast agents used in this study, namely, gadopentetate dimeglumine (Magnevist; Bayer Yakuhin, Osaka, Japan), gadodiamide (Omniscan; Daiichi Sankyo, Tokyo, Japan) and gadoteridol (ProHance; Eisai, Tokyo, Japan) were administered at a dose of 0.2 mmol/kg body weight.
Protocol detail
MRI Evaluation of Upper Limb and Thigh Muscles
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Body weight
Contrast agents
Gadodiamide
Gadopentetate dimeglumine
Gadoteridol
Inversion
Magnevist
Muscles
Omniscan
Prohance
Thighs
Upper arms
Corresponding Organization : Jikei University School of Medicine
Other organizations : Jikei University Kashiwa hospital
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Variable analysis
independent variables
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a 1.5T unit (MAGNETOM Symphony or Avanto; Siemens Healthineer, Erlangen, Germany) or 3.0T unit (MAGNETOM Skyra or Vida; Siemens Healthineer, Erlangen, Germany)
- Evaluation of muscles in the upper arms and/or thighs
- Standardized protocol for MRI imaging
- Simultaneous imaging of left and right thighs
- Separate imaging of left and right upper arms
- Use of short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) imaging and fat-saturated (FS) Gd-T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) in the axial and coronal planes
- Administration of contrast agents (gadopentetate dimeglumine, gadodiamide, and gadoteridol) at a dose of 0.2 mmol/kg body weight
- Positive control: Not explicitly mentioned.
- Negative control: Not explicitly mentioned.
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