Tumor tissues were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (Solarbio) and encapsulated in paraffin. IHC analysis was used to analyze PCNA expression as reported [30 (link)]. The sections (4 µm) of the tumors were hatched with diluted anti-PCNA antibody (ab29, 1:1000, Abcam) and biotinylated IgG secondary antibody (ab64256, 1:500 dilution, Abcam), stained with 3,3’-diaminobenzidine substrate (Invitrogen), and observed under microscopy (Leica TCS SP5) and photographed.