Multiparametric Analysis of Invasive Hemodynamics

Continuous variables with normal distribution were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD), or median (interquartile range) when the normal distribution was not confirmed. The comparison of normally distributed variables between two groups was performed using independent-sample t-test. The comparison of non-normally distributed variables was performed using Mann–Whitney U-test. Comparisons among three or more groups of continuous variables were analyzed using analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA, non-normally distributed variables were log transformed). X² or Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical data comparisons. Pearson’s correlation was used to test the association between MW parameters during IVR, and clinical or conventional echocardiographic variables, or dp/dt min, tau and LVEDP. The intra- and inter-observer variabilities of the MW parameters during IVR were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS 23.0 software.