Nanometer-scale pipet electrodes were fabricated by laser pulling of quartz capillaries (Sutter Instrument Co., Novato CA; O.D. = 1.0 mm, I.D. = 0.7 mm, length = 10 cm) using a P-2000 capillary puller (Sutter Instrument Co., Novato, CA). The pulled pipets were then silanized via vapor deposition as described elsewhere.40 (link),45 Pipets were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and ion-transfer voltammetry. For SEM imaging, the nanopipets were coated with a thin Au/Pd film by a high-resolution sputter coater (Quorum Technologies LTD, Kent, UK), and the orifices were observed by high resolution field emission SEM (FEI dual-beam 235, FEI Co., Hillsboro OR, USA) under a 20 kV electron beam.
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Nanopipet Fabrication and Characterization
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Other organizations : University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois College
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Variable analysis
independent variables
- Laser pulling of quartz capillaries
- Silanization via vapor deposition
- Characteristics of the nanopipet electrodes
- Ion-transfer voltammetry
- Quartz capillary dimensions (O.D. = 1.0 mm, I.D. = 0.7 mm, length = 10 cm)
- Capillary puller model (P-2000 capillary puller)
- Sputter coater (high-resolution sputter coater)
- Electron microscope (high resolution field emission SEM)
- Positive control: Not specified
- Negative control: Not specified
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